Alley cropping is an agroforestry practice defined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as “the planting of rows of trees and/or shrubs to create alleys within which agricultural or horticultural crops are produced.” Like other agroforestry systems, the roots of alley cropping techniques likely predate what many consider the dawn of modern agriculture. By revisiting and reimagining these practices, today’s land stewards can conserve and enrich natural resources while diversifying their income streams.